Boek 5/Ontwikkeling: CLARIAH

Disciplines in the Arts and Humanities, such as philosophy, history, literature, language and media studies would potentially benefit a lot from each other’s techniques and sources, but currently such cross-fertilization is hampered by the lack of an infrastructure to share domain specific knowledge. CLARIAH is an NWO roadmap facility, that aims to enhance interdisciplinary research via shared use of methods and sources.

CLARIAH consists of five working packages. WP1 is responsible for dissemination of the results. Three working packages focus on a specific Arts and Humanities discipline and type of data. WP3 focuses on linguistics and derives algorithms to extract information from textual sources, for example to enhance corpora. Its results are compliant with the CLARIN.EU infrastructure. WP4 works with tabular (structured) data as used in social and economic history. It transposes key datasets to Linked Open Data in order to provide contextual information social and economic processes, regions and periods. WP5 represents media studies and uses audio and video sources. Currently, the tools in this domain are intertwined with a specific dataset. WP5 is building a media suite that allows for the generic use of those tools. Results of both WP4 and WP5 are Dutch contributions to DARIAH.EU. Finally, WP2 is responsible for the overarching infrastructure providing access to the tools and data from the domain specific packages. Moreover, WP2 is responsible for generically shared concepts, such as persons and places.

Linked (Open) Data is crucial to the CLARIAH project as it provides the common ‘language’ through which all of the packages communicate. Where in the past domain specific rules on how to code variables or call concepts hindered exchange of information, the explication of variables and values in ontologies and vocabularies now allows for easy exchange, while domain specific terms can be preserved.

Another major advantage to the use of Linked Data in the CLARIAH project is that Linked Data is available to a large part of the world population (basically anyone with internet), allowing for cooperation on a global scale. For example, a sub-project of WP2 locates and transposes Dutch locations to Linked Data using terms for the start and end-date of municipalities from the Pleiades vocabulary, originally used for Ancient societies. Around it an international community has evolved in the Pelagios project which aims to connect geographic information across the globe. This way Linked Data cuts across time, space and discipline and is not limited to social networks for awareness. Linked Data thus allows CLARIAH to expand beyond the national borders and to foster interdisciplinary use of tools and data.

www.clariah.nl/en

Weergave van een feit, begrip of aanwijzing, geschikt voor overdracht, interpretatie of verwerking door een persoon of apparaat

Een gegevensverzameling is een verzameling RDF-triples, die wordt gepubliceerd, onderhouden of geaggregeerd door één aanbieder.

Informatie gepubliceerd als Open Data en dat aan andere data linkt, wordt Linked Open Data (LOD) genoemd. Data wordt nog beter ontsloten, omdat men zoveel mogelijk verwijzingen aanbrengt naar andere kennisbronnen en anderen gemakkelijk naar informatie kunnen verwijzen.

Formele definitie van de klassen, eigenschappen en relaties van een datastructuur en de bijbehorende constraints als een knowledge graph

Een gemeente is een groep van woonkernen (dorpen, steden) met het bijbehorende gebied die samen worden bestuurd door een politiek apparaat